Fluid pressure system



April 23, 1940. D. w. SESSIONS FLUID PRESSURE SYSTEM Filed May 12, 1937 :s Sheets-Sheet '1 \NVENTOR DONALD W. Scssmms April 23, 1940. D. w. SESSIONS FLUID PRESSURE SYSTEM Filed May 12, 1937 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 \NVENTOR DONALD W. Sassnows x) W M ATTOfi/VEVS April 23, 1940. 13, w s ss o s 2,198,018

FLUID PRESSURE SYSTEM Filed May 12, 1937 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 50 w mvswroR J/ D NALD W 08 ESSIONS B9 El Ear ATTOENEVS Patented Apr. 23, 1940 UNITED STATES FLUID PRESSURE SYSTEM Donald Wilfred Sessions, London, England Application May 12, 1937, Serial No.'142,289 In Great Britain May'26, 1936 11 Claims, (01. 103-23) The present invention relates to fluid pressure systems especially suitable for jacking systems for vehicles.

The present invention comprises a fluid pressure system operable by fluid pressure supplied by a pump driven by clutching to a driving member and having a device which is moved bythe pressure supplied when this pressure exceeds a predetermined maximum, and which eiiects disengagement of the clutc 1 In a constructional arrangement the clutch members are relatively moved by resilient means under the control of the operator for moving the clutch members into engagement and a device acted on by the pressure supplied to the jack or jacks serves to move the clutch members apart and maintain them apart against the action of said resilient means when and so long as the pump output pressure exceeds a predetermined maximum.

Other features of the fluid system "will be described hereinafter and will be defined in the appended claiming clauses.

The system is especially suitable for incorg5 poration in a jacking systemlfor permanent attachment to a motor vehicle and supplies fluid pressure to the jacks whereby the clutch is automatically disengaged when the jacks reach the limit of their extensibility.

3o In order that the invention may be clearly understood and readily carried into eflect the same will now be more fully described with reference to an exemplary form of the invention illustrated in the accompanying drawings wherein:

Figure 1 is a diagrammatic illustrationof a motor-car having applied thereto a fluid system made in accordance with the invention and embodied in a vehicle jacking system;

Figure 2 is a sectional view of the drivers con- 40 trol device and indicator device;

Figure 3 is an end elevational view of the pump casing and adjacent controllingmeans;

Figure 4 is an elevational view looking on the right hand end of Figure 3;

5 Figure 5 is an elevational view looking on the left hand end of Figure 3;

Figure 6 is a sectional view on the line 6-6 on Figure 5; v I Figure 7 is a sectional view on the line 1-4 on so i ur v Figure 8 is a sectional view on the line 88 on Figure 5; and

Figure 9 is aperspective detail view of a clutch yoke to be described. 55: The pump 20 is mounted on the vehicle in a suitable position according to the part from which it is to be driven. 'In'Figure 1 the pump 20 is shown attachedto a dynamo 2i to which it can be coupled. The driving and stoppingof the pump is efiected through a control on the dash- 5 board indicated generally at 24 which is connectedby a cable 2501' similar device other than a highpressure fluid pipeline'to the pump, or by a control mounted on the pump adjacent thereto. The pump draws oil from a reservoir 2? 10 through a pipe 28and forces the oily through a discharge pipe '29 into a horizontal pipe line 30 and flexible tubes 3|, 32, toa pair of hydraulically operated jacks 33 permanently attached to the 1 rear axle and to a pair of hydraulically operated 15 jacks 34 permanently attached to the front axle. The lifting jacks and means for attaching them permanently to the vehicle may be disclosed in the specification of our co-pending ,patentapplication No. 53,157. I} 20 When the pump is operating, an electrical indicator gives warning to the driver so long as the ignition circuit of the vehicle is closed. This electrical indicator is actuated by the same controldevice that is operated for starting and stopping the pump and for releasing fluid from the jacks. 1

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a casing comprising a body 36 and a cap 3'! are fitted into the dashboard 38. Rotatablymounted in the casing by a. ball bearing 39 is a threaded socket spindle 40 having a slotted socket 4| into which the driver fits a detachable key 42 for rotating the socket spindle. The key has side flns' 43 to engage in the slots in the socket. The inner end of the socket spindle is threaded into an internally tapped sleeve 44 which is of square section and slides in an aperture of similar section in the casing so that the sleeve is moved axially when the spindle 40 is rotated. Fixed to this 40 sleeve' is one end of aicable 45 the other end of l which controls the pump as hereinafter to be described. The connection is effected by a head it on the cable held bya threaded bush or block 49. The cable 45 is enclosed by a tube 55 which is in two parts connected by an adjuster 52 carried by the metal dash 53 of the vehicle, and provided with a greaser 54;

The casing'alsocarries an insulator block 56 and this block carries a metal holder 51 for an 1' electric lamp 58 comprising the indicator or warm ing means visible to the driver through a window 59. The block 56 also carries a conductor 60 which connects with the central terminal of the lamp and with theusual ignition switch 5|, The

lamp is arranged in an electric circuit which includes the vehicle batteries 63, the ignition switch GI, and the usual ignition lamp 62. When the ignition switch is open no current can pass through the lamp 58 andwhen the ignition switch is closed current can only pass through the lamp 50 if the metal holder 51 (normally insulated by the block 56) is earthed. I

The lamp circuit includes spaced conductor arms adapted to be bridged by a brass collar 13 on the sleeve 44 when the latter has been moved for setting the pump in operation but normally these arms are not so bridged. When the arms are bridged the holder 51 is earthed.

The construction of this electric light warning system is more fully disclosed inthe completev similar in principle to the arrangements described in the specification No. 1,991,233. The pump body or casting has a pump cap 8| attached to it at one end anda clutch carrying cap 82 attached to it at the other end. The pump body carries a rotary pump spindle 83 on which is a rotor. 84 having three radial slots 85 of which only one is shownin Figure'l Thecap 8| has an annular recess. 86 therein located eccentrically with respect tothe axis of thespindle 83/ The annular piston blocks, 81. are disposed in the recess 86 and. each carriesaroller 883located in onev of'theradial slots 85. When the spindle is rotated. the. piston blocks rotate and move apart and together alternately and draw oil into the spaces between them from the inlet port 90 (Figure 6) and expel this oil totheoutlet port 9| in the pump body.

In the pump are threenadjacentwand parallel bores 94, 95, flmreceiving, respectively the pipe 28 from the tank 21-, the pipe:29to the jacks, and the cable 45 and tube 50 from the dashboard control. This adjacent arrangement facilitates construction and assembly. The pumpbody has also two other parallel bores 01, 08 theformer' of which contains a piston 99v for a purpose to be described and. the latter of WhiCh' connectslwith the pump outlet. port- 9| andtconta-ins; a non: return valve I00. A transverse bore I0I in the pump body connects thebores 91, 98; 95,, which thus all become filled with fluid at the pressure of the fluid in thepipe .29 and in the jacks. The inlet port 90 of the pump connects with an enlarged continuation I04of the bore and the enlarged bore I04 connects through a conduit I05 with the inlet bore 94 and pipe 28 whereby the pump draws liquid fromthe tank;

Between the bore95 and itscontinuation I04 is a release valve I06 which permits or prevents communication between I04 and 95. When this valve is open the liquid from the jacks and delivery side of the pump can escape back to thepipe 28 and tank 21 and when the valve is closed the liquid delivered by the pump will be utilised to extend the jacks. Therelease valve is actuated .by the movements of the cable 45; For this":

purpose the cable 45 is connected to a tubular slide block I08 disposed in an enlarged part of the bore 95. This block has a bifurcated foot I09 which engages a flange IIO on a cap III screwed on to a sliding tube H2 disposed in the further enlarged part of the bore 95, I04. This tube when moved to the left (Figure 6) engages a metal button II3 which is seated in a rubber block H4 which seats against a washer H5 and this washer in turn seats against a shoulder in the bore. The rubber block is located in the hollow end of the valve member I05. When the button I I3 is pressed (to the left, Figure 6) it deforms the rubber block sufiiciently to press the valve member I06 on to its seating. The. rubber block also enables the valve member to align itself with its seating. The return of the valve I member is effected by a spring H6.

Operation of the key and socket 40 in one direction causes movement of the cable 45 to the left (Figure 6) and thus closes the valve for enabling the jacks to be extended and simultaneously causes the electric circuit of the indicator or warning light on the dashboard to be closed. This movement of'the cable also simultaneously effects starting of the pump as now to be described. Movement of the key and socket 40 in the opposite direction enables thecable 45 to move to the right to open the, release valve; breaks said electric circuit, and stops the pump.

Within the tube I I2 is a spring I20 that presses against a button I2I which in turn presses against a lug I22 on a clutch operating yoke I23.

This yoke is pivoted on pins I24, I25and carries a a ball bearing I26 the inner; raceof' which is I mounted on a sliding clutch member I21 which is splined on to the pump-spindle 83; A' spring I28 acting on a disc I29"presses'theirball bearing and clutch member I21 in the return direction. An opposed clutch member I30 ismounted in a ball bearing I3I carried by the clutch .cap 82 and is continuouslyrotated throughan Oldham coupling I33 by connection-to the magneto or other driven part of the vehicle engine. The

teeth of the clutch membersiare preferably. of;

truncated conicalshape so that they disengage if,

for instance, the pump should jam When thecable 45 is movedto close the -release valveythe;

clutch members are engagedzand the pump is driven. It will be seen that the clutch member,

yoke, and other parts arehoused in ahollow extension of the pump body which. is closed by the cap 82.

When vthe jacks. have been fully: extended the pump will be stopped. Forthis purpose the'fluid that passes valveaI00'builds up a pressure inlthe bores WI and. 91 and.- this pressure presses' the already mentioned piston99 against another lugv I40 on the yoke I23 and when'the delivery-pressure is great enough to overcome-the force-of the.

spring I20 the yoke will be; moved to uncouple the clutch members WlthOIlt. opening thevalve I06. The lugl22 presses against thebutton-I2I and compresses the spring. I20'whilstthe tubecoupled directly or by means of a'"-.-ibelt, chain,

shaft, flexible shaft or other-drive;

I claim: 1. A fluid pressure apparatus comprising a pump for" supplying fluid under pressure, clutch resiliently hold said clutch members in engage-H ment, and a movable clutch disengaging element housed in the pump body and acted on by the pressure on the delivery side of the pump and moved thereby, the arrangement being such that when the said pressure exceeds a predetermined degree the said movable element is caused to disengage the clutch members against the action of said resilient meanswhile said control member is in its clutch engaging position.

2. A fluid pressure apparatus comprising a pump for supplying fluid under pressure, clutch members carried by the pump and adapted for connecting a driving member to and disconnecting it from the pump for driving the pump, a movable clutch disengaging element housed in the pump body and acted on by the pressure on the delivery side of the pump and moved thereby, a control member carried by the pump body and movable by the operator, and means including a resilient element for transmitting the movement of said control member to one of the clutch members for moving the clutch members into engagement and tending to resi1iently hold said clutch members in engagement, the arrangemovable element is caused to disengage the clutch members while the said control member is in its clutch engaging position.

3. A fluid pressure apparatus comprising a pump for supplying fluid under pressure clutch members carried by the pump body and adapted for connecting the driving member to and disconnecting it from the pump for driving the pump, a coacting piston and cylinder in the pump body in communication with the delivery side of the pump, at least one of these elements being movable, a control mernbercarried by, the pump body and movable by the operator, and means including a resilient element for transmitting the movement of said control member to one of the clutch members for moving the clutch members into engagement and tending to,resiliently hold said clutch members in engagement, the arrangement being such that when the said pressure exceeds the pressure of the said resilient means the movable element is caused to disengage the clutch members while the said control member is still in its clutch engaging position.

4. A fluid pressure apparatus comprising a pump for supplying fluid under pressure, clutch members carried by the pump body adapted for connecting a driving member to and disconnecting it from the pump for driving the pump, a pivoted yoke mounted in the pump body for moving one of the clutch members into engagement with the other clutch member, a coacting piston and cylinder in the pump body in communication with the delivery side of the pump, one at least of these two elements being movable and adapted to impart movement to the clutch member which is movable by the yoke but in the opposite direction, clutch operating means in the pump body, and resilient means interposed between the operating means and yoke for actuating the yoke for engaging the clutch members and tending toresiliently hold the clutch members in engagement, the arrangement being such that when the said pressure exceeds thepressure of the said resilient means the yokeis I caused todisengage the clutch members while the clutch operating means isin its clutch.- engaging position.

5. A fluid pressure apparatus comprising a pump for supplying fluid under pressure, clutch members carried by the pump body and adapted for connecting a driving member to and discon-' necting it from the pump for driving the pump,

a pivoted yoke carried by the pump body formoving one'of the clutch members into engage-' ment'with the other clutch member, a slidable member disposed in the pump body which the operator can actuate, means including spring-:

means for transmitting movement from the slidable member to the yoke, a coacting piston and cylinder in the pump body and in communication with. the delivery side of the pump and one at least of'these two elements being movable and adapted to impart movement to the clutch member which is movable by the yoke but in the opposite direction, and clutch operating means actuating the yoke for engaging the clutch members, the arrangement being such that when the said pressure exceeds the pressure of the said resilient means the yoke is caused to disengage the clutch members while the clutch operating means is still in the clutch engaging position.

6. A fluid pressure apparatus comprising a pump for supplying fluid under pressure, and having a pump body and a rotary spindle to-be driven, a clutch member mounted co-axially on the rotary spindle, a coacting clutch member disposed co-axially with respect to the first clutch,

member, a yoke arranged adjacent to the rotary spindle for moving one of the clutch members into engagement with the other clutch member, a hollow extension of the pump body housing the clutch members and yoke, means for actuating the yoke, which means extend outside the pump body for actuation by the operator, a coacting piston and cylinder mounted in the pump body and arranged in communication with the delivery side of the pump and adapted to impart movement to the clutch member which is movable by the yoke but in the opposite direction, clutch operating means actuating the yoke for engaging the clutch members, and resilient means interposed between the operating means and yoke tending to hold the clutch members in engagement, the arrangement being such that when the said pressure exceeds the pressure of the said resilient means the yoke is caused to disengage the clutch members while the clutch operating means is still in its clutch engaging position.

7. A fluid pressure apparatus comprising a pump for supplying fluid under pressure and having a pump body, clutch members adapted for connecting a driving member to and disconnecting it from the'pump for driving the pump, and a movable element acted on by the pressure on the delivery side of the pump and moved thereby, the clutch members and movable element being all mounted in the pump body, the arrangement being such that when the said pressure exceeds a predetermined degree the movable element is caused to disengage the clutch members.

8. A fluid: pressure apparatus" comprising a pump for supplying fluid under pressure and having a pump body and a rotaryspindle to be driven, a hollow extension of the pump body, a clutch member mounted co-axially on the rotary spindle within said hollow extension, a cap covering the end of the hollow extension, a ooacting clutch member mounted on the cap within the hollow extension, a pivoted yoke for, moving one of the clutch members into engagement with the other clutch member, said yoke being located within said hollow extension, a coacting piston and cylinder in communication with the delivery side of the pump and adapted to impart movement to the clutch member which is movable by the yoke but in the opposite direction, clutch operating means actuating the yoke for engaging the clutch members, and resilient means interposed between the operating means and the yoke tending to hold the clutch members in engagement, the arrangement being such that when the said pressure exceeds the pressure of the said resilient means the yoke is caused to disengage the clutch members while the clutch operating means is still in its clutch engaging position.

9. A fluid pressure apparatus comprising a pump for supplying fluid under pressure and having a pump body provided with four parallel bores, one of which serves for intake of fluid and another for outlet of fluid, clutch members adapted for connecting a driving member to and disconnecting it from the pump for. driving the pump, a clutch moving member for moving one of the clutch members into engagement with the other clutch member, a piston in the third of said bores and in communication with the delivery side of the pump and adapted to impart movement to the clutch member which is movable by the clutch moving member but in the opposite direction, a projection on the clutch moving member projecting into the said third bore, another projection on the: clutch moving member extending into a continuation of the outlet bore, a valve in said continuation for controlling release of fluid from the delivery side of the pump, an element in the fourth of said bores which element is operable by the operator and imparts movement to the said valve and to the second mentioned projection for engaging 59 the clutch members and closing the valve, and a spring between said element and said second mentioned projection, the arrangement being such thatwhen the said pressure exceeds the pressure of the said resilient means the first mentioned projection is moved to disengage the clutch members against the action of said'spring while the clut'chmo-ving member is still in its clutch engaging position.

10. A fluid pressure apparatus comprising a pump for supplying fluid under pressure, and having a pump body provided with two parallel bores, clutch members adapted for connecting a driving member to and disconnecting it from the pump for driving the pump, a pivoted yoke for moving one of the clutch members into engagement with the other clutch member, a projection on the yoke extending into one of said bores, another projection on the yoke extending into the other of said bores, a piston in one of said bores and in communication with the delivery side of the pump, and adapted to impart movement to the projection therein to move the clutch member in the direction to disengage the clutch, clutch operating means acting on the other of said projections to actuate the yoke for engaging the clutch members, and resilient means interposed between the operating means and the yoke tending to hold the clutch members in engagement, the arrangement being such that when the said pressure exceeds the pressure of the said resilient means, said piston moves the associated projection to disengage the clutch members while the clutch operating means is in the clutch engaging position.

11. A pump of the character described, com- 1.",

prising a pump body casting, a rotary driven pump-actuating element mounted in said casting, a rotary driving element housed within said casting, clutch elements associated with the. driving and driven members, resilient means urging 

